Indian Musical Terms
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Select the first letter of the word from the list above to jump to appropriate section of the glossary.
f (F) – See also “safed char”. A pitch of the Western scale. Depending upon which octave one is considering, it may have the frequency of: 21.827Hz, 43.654Hz, 87.307Hz, 174.61Hz, 349.23Hz, 698.46Hz, 1396.9Hz, 2793.8Hz, 5587.7Hz, or 11175Hz.
f# (F#)– See “F-sharp”.
f-hole – The sound-holes of the violin, viola, cello or similar instruments. They are so called because the resemble an “f”.
f-sharp – See also “kali teen”. A pitch of the Western scale. Depending upon which octave one is considering, it may have the frequency of: 23.124Hz, 46.249Hz, 92.499Hz, 185.00Hz, 369.99Hz, 739.99Hz, 1480.0Hz, 29.600Hz, 5919.9Hz, or 11840Hz.
fankar – An artist, a creative person.
faqirullah – 17th century musical scholar.
fard – In tabla, a Purbi composition characterized by an absence of khali/bhari structure. (more info.)
farmaish – In tabla and Kathak, an encore. A special request or challenge from the audience.
farmaishi paran – In tabla and Kathak, any paran which is used for a farmaish (encore). This term really means nothing. It may be applied to virtually any paran, however, it will more commonly be applied to ekhatthu (ekhatthi), lom-vilom or top compositions. (more info.)
farodast tal – An old and obscure tal of seven or 14 beats.
farukhabad – 1) A town in northern Indian. 2) The gharana from this town.
fayaz khan – (1886-1950) A great vocalist of the Agra gharana.
fife – A small metallic flute similar to a piccolo, but of a much simpler construction.
fifth – 1) The interval of 7 half-steps (i.e., the interval from Sa to Pa). 2) Pancham
filmi – 1) Pertaining to the film or movie industry. 2) A style of popular music. (more info.)
finger board – The portion of the neck on stringed instruments where the string is either stopped or fretted.
finger holes – The holes on a flute, shehnai, or similar woodwind that are stopped to determine the pitch.
fingering – The system of using the fingers to play any musical instrument.
firat – A particular type of taan.
five – According to the South Indian nomenclature of pitch, this represents G. It is so called because it represents the fifth white key of the octave of the harmonium.
five-and-half – According to the South Indian nomenclature of pitch, this represents G# (Eb). It is so called because it represents a half-step higher than the fifth white key of the octave of the harmonium.
flat – To be below a particular pitch.
four – According to the South Indian nomenclature of pitch, this represents F. It is so called because it represents the fourth white key of the octave of the harmonium.
four-and-half – According to the South Indian nomenclature of pitch, this represents F# (Gb). It is so called because it represents a half-step higher than the fourth white key of the octave of the harmonium.
fourth – 1) The interval of 5 semitones (i.e., the interval from Sa to Ma). 2) Madhyam.
fox strangways – Authur Henry Fox Strangways (1859-1948) British musicologist known for his work on Indian music.
fuljhadi – (lit. a type of fireworks, a “sparkler”.) In tabla a type of gat characterized by sudden changes in the overall speed.
fundamental – The lowest pitch of a harmonic spectrum, significant because it determines the musical pitch.
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